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同时使用卡马西平与醋竹桃霉素可导致类似相互作用[7,15]。另有病例报告,1名肝肾功能均正常的患者,同时使用克拉霉素与卡马西平后,卡马西平血浓度显著升高,而其代谢物浓度则降低[16];另有研究提示,同时使用克拉霉素与卡马西平的健康志愿者,卡马西平浓度、曲线下面积、半衰期均增加,而卡马西平代谢物的曲线下面积则降低[17];故同时使用克拉霉素与卡马西平应当谨慎[18]。无药物与卡马西平相关。
机制:几乎所有(80%)的卡马西平经肝微粒体酶代谢[13],红霉素通过竞争与细胞色素P-450酶的结合而抑制卡马西平的肝脏代谢[1~3,6,11,13]。
建议:应当避免卡马西平与红霉素合用。若必须联用,应当严密监测卡马西平血浓度及毒副作用的增加。必要时减少卡马西平剂量或停用红霉素。
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2、Wong, Y.Y., and others: Effect of erythromycin on carbamazepine kinetics, Clin. Pharmacol. Ther. 33:460, 1983.
3、Hedrick, R., and others: Carbamazepine-erythromycin interaction leading to carbamazepine toxicity in four epileptic children, Ther. Drug Monit. 5:405, 1983.
4、Vajda, F.J.E., and Bladin, P.F.: Carbamazepine-erythromycin-base interaction, Med. J. Aust. 140:81, 1984.
5、Carranco, E., and others: Carbamazepine toxicity induced by concurrent erythromycin therapy, Arch. Neurol. 42:187, 1985.
6、Wroblewski, B.A., and others: Carbamazepine-erythromycin interaction, JAMA 255:1165, 1986.
7、Mesdjian, E., and others: Carbamazepine intoxication due to triacetyloleandomycin administration in epileptic patients, Epilepsia 21:489, 1980.
8、Kessler, J.M.: Erythromycin-carbamazepine interaction (letter), S. Afr. Med. J. 67:1038, 1985.
9、Goulden, K.J., and others: Severe carbamazepine intoxication after co-administration of erythromycin, J. Pediatr. 109:135, 1986.
10、Jaster, P.J., and Abbas, D.: Erythromycin-carbamazepine interaction (letter), Neurology 36:594, 1986.
11、Berrettini, W.H.: A case of erythromycin-induced carbamazepine toxicity, J. Clin. Psychiatry 47:147, 1986.
12、Zitelli, B.J., and others: Erythromycin-induced drug interactions. An illustrative case and review of the literature, Clin. Pediatr. 26:117, 1987.
13、Woody, R.C., and others: Carbamazepine intoxication following the use of erythromycin in children, Pediatr. Infect. Dis. 6:578, 1987.
14、Viani, F., and others: Severe hepatorenal failure in a child receiving carbamazepine and erythromycin, Eur. J. Pediatr. 151:715, 1992.
15、Dravet, C., and others: Interaction between carbamazepine and triacetyloleandomycin, Lancet 1:810, 1977.
16、Albani, F., and others: Clarithromycin-carbamazepine interactions: a case report, Epilepsia 34:161, 1993.
17、Richens, And others: Unpublished data on file, Abbott Laboratories, Chicago, Illinois.
18、Periti, P., and others: Recenti Nella Chemiotherpia antimicrobica orale: la claritomicina, Farmacie Therapia 7(suppl. 1):5 1990. |
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