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2008年 美国ISMP公布的19类高危险药物(中英文对照)
Classes/Categories of Medications 药物种类
1 adrenergic agonists, IV (e.g., epinephrine, phenylephrine, norepinephrine)
静脉用肾上腺素能受体激动剂(如:肾上腺素、去氧肾上腺素、去甲肾上腺素)
2 adrenergic antagonists, IV (e.g., propranolol, metoprolol, labetalol)
静脉用肾上腺素能受体拮抗剂(如:普奈洛尔、美托洛尔、拉贝洛尔)
3 anesthetic agents, general, inhaled and IV (e.g., propofol, ketamine)
麻醉剂,全身、吸入或静脉给药(如:二异丙酚、氯胺酮)
4 antiarrhythmics, IV (e.g., lidocaine, amiodarone) 静脉用抗心律失常药
5 antithrombotic agents (anticoagulants), including warfarin, low-molecular-weight heparin, IV unfractionated heparin, Factor Xa inhibitors (fondaparinux), direct thrombin inhibitors (e.g., argatroban, lepirudin, bivalirudin), thrombolytics (e.g.,alteplase, reteplase, tenecteplase), and glycoprotein IIb/IIIa inhibitors (e.g., eptifibatide)
抗凝血药(抗血栓药),包括:华法林、低分子肝素、普通肝素、磺达肝素、凝血酶抑制剂(如:阿加曲班、来匹卢定、比伐卢定)、溶栓剂(如:阿替普酶、瑞替普酶、替奈普酶)、糖蛋白IIb/IIIa抑制剂(如:依替巴肽)
6 cardioplegic solutions 心脏停跳液
7 chemotherapeutic agents, parenteral and oral 化疗药物,注射或口服
8 dextrose, hypertonic, 20% or greater 20% 以上浓度葡萄糖注射液
9 dialysis solutions, peritoneal and hemodialysis 腹膜透析液或血透析液
10 epidural or intrathecal medications 硬膜外或鞘内给药
11 hypoglycemics, oral 口服降糖药
12 inotropic medications, IV (e.g., digoxin, milrinone) 影响肌收缩力药物,静脉给药(如:地高辛、米力农)
13 liposomal forms of drugs (e.g., liposomal amphotericin B) 脂质体剂型(如两性霉素B脂质体)
14 moderate sedation agents, IV (e.g., midazolam) 中等作用强度镇静剂,静脉给药(如:咪达唑仑)
15 moderate sedation agents, oral, for children (e.g., chloral hydrate)
中等作用强度镇静剂,小儿口服(如:水合氯醛)
16 narcotics/opiates, IV, transdermal, and oral (including liquid concentrates, immediate and sustained-release formulations) 阿片类麻醉剂,静脉、经皮给药或口服(包括溶液剂、即释和缓控释剂型)
17 neuromuscular blocking agents (e.g., succinylcholine, rocuronium, vecuronium) 骨骼肌松弛剂(琥珀酰胆碱,罗库溴铵,维库溴铵)
18 radiocontrast agents, IV 静脉放射性造影剂
19 total parenteral nutrition solutions 全胃肠外营养
表2.2008年ISMP公布的13种特殊高危药物(中英文对照)
Specific Medications 特殊种类
1 colchicine injection 秋水仙碱注射剂
2 epoprostenol (Flolan), IV 静脉用依前列醇
3 insulin, subcutaneous and IV 胰岛素,皮下或静脉用
4 magnesium sulfate injection 硫酸镁注射剂
5 methotrexate, oral, non-oncologic use 甲氨蝶呤,口服,非肿瘤治疗用
6 opitum tincture 阿片酊
7 oxytocin, IV 静脉用催产素
8 nitroprusside sodium for injection 静脉用硝普钠
9 potassium chloride for injection concentrate 静脉用氯化钾
10 potassium phosphates injection 亚磷酸钾注射液
11 promethazine, IV 静脉用异丙嗪
12 sodium chloride for injection, hypertonic (greater than 0.9% concentration) 高渗氯化钠注射液
13 sterile water for injection, inhalation, and irrigation (excluding pour bottles) in containers of 100 mL or more
100mL以上的灭菌注射用水(除使用原包装)置容器内吸入或冲洗用 |
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