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短期大剂量叶酸减轻心脏病发作心肌损伤
ScienceDaily (Mar. 28, 2008) — Long known for its role in preventing anemia in expectant mothers and spinal birth defects in newborns, the B vitamin folate, found in leafy green vegetables, beans and nuts has now been shown to blunt the damaging effects of heart attack when given in short-term, high doses to test animals.
每日科学(2008年3月28日)----B族维生素叶酸,主要存在于叶状蔬菜、豆类和坚果中,长期以来都已知它能够预防孕妇贫血和新生儿神经管缺陷,最近的动物实验显示短期大剂量叶酸能减轻心脏病发作所致心肌损伤。
In a new study, an international team of heart experts at Johns Hopkins and elsewhere report that rats fed 10 milligrams daily of folate, also known as folic acid or vitamin B9, for a week prior to heart attack had smaller infarcts than rats who took no supplements. On average, researchers say, the amount of muscle tissue exposed to damage and scarred by the arterial blockage was shrunk to less than a tenth.
在一项新的研究中,由约翰霍普金斯大学和其它大学心脏病专家组成的国际性团队报道,让先前有过心脏病发作的老鼠连续一周每天服用10毫克叶酸盐(即叶酸或维生素B9),发作所导致的梗死比没有服用的老鼠小。研究者们说,平均起来损伤所导致的肌肉组织总量和动脉闭塞所致斑痕缩小到不足十分之一。
The team's findings, set for publication in the April 8 edition of the journal Circulation, come just weeks after other international studies in humans suggested that low-dose folic acid supplements may prevent dementia in the elderly and premature births.
这个研究预计发表在4月8版的《循环》杂志上,是继其它的几个国际临床研究显示低剂量的叶酸可以预防老年人和早产儿痴呆后的又一重大研究。
"We want to emphasize that it is premature for people to begin taking high doses of folic acid," says senior study investigator David Kass, M.D., a professor at The Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine and its Heart Institute.
实验的主要研究者、约翰霍普金斯大学医学院及心脏研究所教授David Kass博士说:“需要强调一下,让人们开始服用大剂量叶酸为时尚早。”
"But if human studies prove equally effective, then high-dose folate could be given to high-risk groups to guard against possible heart attack or to people while they are having one," says Kass.
Kass说:“如果在人类身上实验证实同样有效,那么可以让那些需要预防心脏病发作或已经发作过的高危人群服用大剂量叶酸。”
The more likely and most practical advantage to ingesting supplements, he says, lies in folic acid's potential to act as a short-term buffer for people who may be having a heart attack and who rush to their local emergency room complaining of chest pain.
他还说,对于那些因心脏病发作或者胸痛紧急就诊的急诊患者来说,摄取叶酸更有可能和最实用的好处是叶酸作为一个缓冲液起作用。
Clinical trials are expected in the near future, although Kass says a major challenge in testing is that a high dose of folic acid for humans comparable to that given the rats would require an average-size adult to swallow more than 200 one-milligram pills per day, "an impractical and unrealistic regimen, even if the body excretes the excess."
临床实验有望在不久的将来开始,然而Kass说实验面临一个最大的问题是,如果取相当于老鼠一样大剂量的叶酸,则需要一个正常体重的成年人每天服用200片1毫克的叶酸片,“即使机体可以排泄多余的部分,这也是不实际和不现实的服药法。”
In addition, he cautions, "we do not yet know if folate is safe to consume in this high a dose, or how much or how little of it is needed to be effective," citing 25 milligrams per day as the highest dose previously tested safe to consume in adults as.
此外,他警告说:“我们不知道一次服用这么大剂量的叶酸是否安全,多大剂量才是必需的有效剂量,”先前的研究认为一个成年人每日服用25毫克叶酸是最大安全剂量。
Kass says that such large amount of folate may also yield unpredictable side effects. Some studies have linked the nutrient supplement to increased rates of colon and prostate cancer.
Kass说如此大剂量的叶酸可能产生无法预料的不良反应。一些研究证实营养强化剂与老鼠结肠和前列腺肿瘤增加相关。
Each year, an estimated 565,000 first-time heart attacks occur in the United States, with an additional 300,000 recurrent heart attacks.
美国每年估计有565,000人首次心脏病发作,另外有300,000人再发。
Results from the new study, conducted in rats - dozens were fed supplements and dozens more did not receive any - showed that overall pumping function during heart attack remained strong in vitamin B9-fortified animals.
来源于老鼠的新研究(部分服用叶酸,部分不服用)显示使用了维生素B9的动物在心脏病发作期间心脏整体泵功能保持强有力的状态。
The amount of blood pumped by the treated hearts during a 30-minute window when blood flow to the heart was restricted to simulate a heart attack stayed near normal for rodents, at an average ejection fraction of 73 percent. Meanwhile, it fell in the untreated group to 27 percent.
通过限制老鼠心脏的血流量模拟心脏病发作,当在30分钟的时间窗内采取治疗措施时,心脏泵血功能接近正常,平均摄血分数73%。而不给予治疗则会下降到27%。
短期大剂量叶酸减轻心脏病发作心肌损伤
每日科学(2008年3月28日)----B族维生素叶酸,主要存在于叶状蔬菜、豆类和坚果中,长期以来都已知它能够预防孕妇贫血和新生儿神经管缺陷,最近的动物实验显示短期大剂量叶酸能减轻心脏病发作所致心肌损伤。
在一项新的研究中,由约翰霍普金斯大学和其它大学心脏病专家组成的国际性团队报道,让先前有过心脏病发作的老鼠连续一周每天服用10毫克叶酸盐(即叶酸或维生素B9),发作所导致的梗死比没有服用的老鼠小。研究者们说,平均起来损伤所导致的肌肉组织总量和动脉闭塞所致斑痕缩小到不足十分之一。
这个研究预计发表在4月8版的《循环》杂志上,是继其它的几个国际临床研究显示低剂量的叶酸可以预防老年人和早产儿痴呆后的又一重大研究。
实验的主要研究者、约翰霍普金斯大学医学院及心脏研究所教授David Kass博士说:“需要强调一下,让人们开始服用大剂量叶酸为时尚早。”
Kass说:“如果在人类身上实验证实同样有效,那么可以让那些需要预防心脏病发作或已经发作过的高危人群服用大剂量叶酸。”
他还说,对于那些因心脏病发作或者胸痛紧急就诊的急诊患者来说,摄取叶酸更有可能和最实用的好处是叶酸作为一个缓冲液起作用。
临床实验有望在不久的将来开始,然而Kass说实验面临一个最大的问题是,如果取相当于老鼠一样大剂量的叶酸,则需要一个正常体重的成年人每天服用200片1毫克的叶酸片,“即使机体可以排泄多余的部分,这也是不实际和不现实的服药法。”
此外,他警告说:“我们不知道一次服用这么大剂量的叶酸是否安全,多大剂量才是必需的有效剂量,”先前的研究认为一个成年人每日服用25毫克叶酸是最大安全剂量。
Kass说如此大剂量的叶酸可能产生无法预料的不良反应。一些研究证实营养强化剂与老鼠结肠和前列腺肿瘤增加相关。
美国每年估计有565,000人首次心脏病发作,另外有300,000人再发。
来源于老鼠的新研究(部分服用叶酸,部分不服用)显示使用了维生素B9的动物在心脏病发作期间心脏整体泵功能保持强有力的状态。
通过限制老鼠心脏的血流量模拟心脏病发作,当在30分钟的时间窗内采取治疗措施时,心脏泵血功能接近正常,平均摄血分数73%。而不给予治疗则会下降到27%。
(待续) |
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