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Low-molecular-weight heparins (LMWH) have different properties than non-fractionated heparins. Bioavailability is better after subcutaneous administration and a longer halflife allows a single daily injection. Efficacy is equivalent for postoperative thromboembolism prophylaxis for all types of surgery. In most reports, low-molecular-weight heparins are more effective than non fractionated heparin and lead to fewer episodes of hemorrhage and thrombocytopenia. For treatment of deep vein thrombosis, low-molecular-weight heparins are as effective as non-fractionated heparins after two, or even one, daily injection without hemostasis tests. Other on-going studies are evaluating LMWH indications in pulmonary embolism, artery disease, pregnancy or other medical conditions. [References: 64] 参考中文摘要: 低分子量肝素(低分子肝素)有不同的性能比不分级肝素。生物利用度好后皮下给药和更长的半衰期允许一个单一的每日注射。疗效相当于术后血栓预防为所有类型的手术。多数报告中,低分子量肝素是更有效地比非分割肝素并导致较少发生出血和血小板减少。治疗下肢深静脉血栓形成,低分子量肝素是有效的非分割肝素后两年,甚至一,每日注射无止血试验。其他正在进行的研究正在评估中的低分子肝素迹象肺栓塞,冠状动脉疾病,怀孕或其他医疗条件。 [参考文献: 64 ] |
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