TA的每日心情 | 2020-7-21 16:22 |
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转自wwj:
左氧氟沙星是氧氟沙星的左旋体,属第三代喹诺酮类药物。其主要作用机制为抑制细菌DNA旋转酶的活性,阻碍细菌DNA的复制。
Levofloxacin inhibits bacterial type II topoisomerases, topoisomerase IV and DNA gyrase. This leads to strand breakage on the bacterial chromosome and inhibits critical processes in bacteria cells such as DNA replication, transcription and repair. (左氧氟沙星的主要靶标为拓扑异构酶Ⅱ、Ⅳ和DNA gyrase)
本品具有抗菌谱广,抗菌作用强的特点,对革兰氏阴性菌具有较强的抗菌活性,对革兰氏阳性菌和军团菌、支原体、衣原体有良好的抗菌作用,但对厌氧菌和肠球菌的作用较差。
左氧氟沙星注射剂严重不良反应/事件居前3位的不良反应表现依次为:过敏性休克(198例次,7.94%)、呼吸困难(197例次,7.90%)和过敏样反应(171例次,6.85%)
左氧氟沙星口服后吸收良好、生物利用度高,建议临床医生根据患者的实际情况选择合适的给药途径,能口服治疗者不建议使用注射给药的方式。
目前Pharm GKB数据库中证据级别较低,已有的可能证据报道(PMID: 23616064 DOI: 10.1007/s00228-013-1515-7):
作者认为编码血脑屏障中药物转运蛋白的基因的多态性起着一定作用。
1. rs2231142 in ABCG2: Genotype GT is associated with increased risk of seizures(癫痫) due to levofloxacin.
2. rs1045642 in ABCB1: Genotype AG is associated with increased risk of seizures due to levofloxacin.
3. rs2032582 in ABCB1: Genotype AC is associated with increased risk of seizures due to levofloxacin.
4. rs1128503 in ABCB1: Genotype AG is associated with increased risk of seizures due to levofloxacin.
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